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目的:了解妇女更年期症状发生情况及症状与绝经时段的相关性。方法:在中国8个城市41～60岁更年期妇女中进行横断面调查,调查社会人口学资料及更年期症状(采用kupperman index量表)。结果:共完成3343例有效人群的调查,平均年龄为(49.64±4.75)岁,更年期症状发生率在35.1%～89.2%之间。症状骨关节肌肉痛、失眠、潮热出汗、易激动、心悸、眩晕、抑郁、泌尿系症状、性交痛、皮肤蚁走感在不同绝经时段发生率比较差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。潮热出汗在绝经后1～2年发生率较其他绝经时段高,为83.2%;“性交痛、泌尿系症状”在绝经2～5年发生率最高,发生率分别为63%、64.6%。骨关节肌肉痛、心悸、眩晕、易激动、抑郁在绝经5年以上发生率最高,分别为92.8%、73.5%、73.5%、78.1%、64.7%。结论:我国更年期女性症状发生率高,且更年期症状发生情况在不同绝经时段存在差异。绝经早期(绝经1～2年)以血管舒缩功能异常症状为主,绝经中期(绝经2～5年)以泌尿生殖器官萎缩症状为主,而绝经后期(绝经5年以上)以骨质疏松症状为主,兼有自主神经系统症状及精神心理症状。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the incidence of menopausal symptoms and their correlation with menopause. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of climacteric women 41 to 60 years in eight cities in China was conducted to investigate socio-demographic data and menopause symptoms (using the kupperman index scale). Results: A total of 3343 valid population survey completed, the average age was (49.64 ± 4.75) years, the incidence of menopausal symptoms was between 35.1% to 89.2%. Symptoms Muscle pain, insomnia, hot flashes sweat, irritability, heart palpitations, dizziness, depression, urinary symptoms, painful sexual intercourse, skin ants away at different stages of menopause incidence was statistically significant difference (P <0.05) . The incidence of hot flashes in menopause 1 to 2 years higher than other menopausal periods, was 83.2%; “Sexual pain, urinary symptoms ” the highest incidence of menopause 2 to 5 years, the incidence rates were 63% 64.6%. Muscle pain, palpitations, dizziness, agitation and depression were the most common in over five years after menopause. They were 92.8%, 73.5%, 73.5%, 78.1% and 64.7% respectively. Conclusion: The incidence of menopausal women in China is high, and the occurrence of menopausal symptoms in different menopause periods are different. Early menopause (menopause 1-2 years) to vasomotor dysfunction symptoms, menopausal (menopause 2 to 5 years) mainly genitourinary atrophy symptoms, and postmenopausal (menopause more than 5 years) with osteoporosis The main symptoms, both autonomic nervous system symptoms and symptoms.