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石油沥青是石油原油蒸馏提炼后的剩余物,广泛用于炼钢,造船、房屋建筑、防水工程、铺筑路面和油漆工业等。由于产量大、用途广、接触者多、对其可能存在的职业危害和环境污染作用早已引起了普遍关注。石油沥青究竟有无毒性,特别是有无类似煤焦沥青一样的致癌作用。这一问题多有争议,现就国内外有关该方面的一些实验和调查研究情况综述如下。
Petroleum bitumen is the crude oil distillation residue after refining, widely used in steelmaking, shipbuilding, housing construction, waterproofing, paving the road and the paint industry. Due to the large output, wide use, many contacts, occupational hazards and environmental pollution that may exist have drawn widespread attention. Whether petroleum bitumen is non-toxic, especially whether it has the same carcinogenic effect as coal tar pitch. This issue is much controversial. The following is a survey of some of the experiments and investigations conducted at home and abroad in this respect.