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货币的本质与同一性问题把我们引向一个不属于经济学范畴的领域。大体上,货币的流通蕴含着动机,唤起了情感;动机与情感密切关联,而同一性又往往源自于情感。通常,经济学家易于忽视不同的国家和个人在货币社会化时形成的情感与习惯的心理学因素。一个简单的问题可能有助于理解这一点:美国人能够接受用“红背”钞来取代世代沿用的传统的绿背钞吗?我认为不能。本文以战后德国为例,试图从经济、政治、行政和心理等方面对货币史进行综合探讨。尽管其中任一方面都可以进行专门的研究,但事实表明所有这些方面都错综交织、密切相关。
The question of the nature and identity of money leads us to an area that does not belong to economics. In general, the circulation of money implies motivation and evoke emotions; motivation and emotion are closely related, and identities are often derived from emotions. Often, economists tend to overlook the psychological aspects of the emotions and habits that different countries and individuals develop in the socialization of money. A simple question might help to understand this: Can Americans accept “greenbacks” instead of the traditional greenbacks used by generations? I do not think so. Taking post-war Germany as an example, this article attempts to comprehensively discuss the history of currency from the aspects of economy, politics, administration and psychology. Although any one of these areas can be devoted to specialized research, facts show that all these aspects are intertwined and closely related.