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目的:探讨足月儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)的高危因素。方法:选取我院新生儿科NICU 2010年6月至2013年4月收治的RDS足月儿40例作为观察组,同时选取同期出生的非RDS足月儿106例作为对照组,对可能引起RDS发病的临床因素进行统计学分析,主要包括新生儿因素(性别、胎龄、出生体质量、窒息)和母体因素(分娩方式、胎盘异常、母亲妊娠期糖尿病、母亲妊娠期高血压、胎膜早破、脐带绕颈、多胎),进一步采用多因素Logistic回归分析方法对其中有统计学意义的因素进行相关性分析。结果:两组足月儿出生体质量、胎盘异常比例、母亲妊娠期高血压比例、脐带绕颈比例、胎膜早破比例、多胎比例比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组剖宫产比例、男性比例、窒息比例、母亲妊娠期糖尿病比例大于对照组,胎龄低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。进一步多因素Logistic回归分析显示剖宫产、男性、窒息、母亲妊娠期糖尿病、胎龄小与足月儿RDS的发生有相关性(P<0.05)。结论:剖宫产、男性、窒息、母亲妊娠期糖尿病是足月儿RDS发病的高危因素。
Objective: To investigate the risk factors of full-term respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Methods: 40 cases of RDS full-term infants admitted to Neonatology NICU of our hospital from June 2010 to April 2013 were selected as the observation group. 106 non-RDS full-term infants born in the same period were selected as control group, (Including gender, gestational age, birth weight, asphyxia) and maternal factors (mode of delivery, abnormal placenta, gestational diabetes mellitus, maternal gestational hypertension, premature rupture of membranes , Umbilical cord around the neck, multiple births), further using multivariate logistic regression analysis to analyze the correlation among the statistically significant factors. Results: There was no significant difference in birth weight, proportion of abnormal placenta, proportion of mothers with gestational hypertension, ratio of umbilical cord around neck, premature rupture of membranes and multiple births in two groups (P> 0.05) The proportion of uterine, males, asphyxia and maternal gestational diabetes mellitus were higher than those in the control group, gestational age was lower than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Further multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cesarean section, male, asphyxia, gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational age and age were related to the occurrence of RDS in full-term infants (P <0.05). Conclusion: Cesarean section, male, asphyxia and maternal gestational diabetes mellitus are the risk factors of RDS in term infants.