为了解南方水稻黑条矮缩病的暴发因素,对江西省萍乡市芦溪县麻田乡辖区及邻近地区水稻的发病情况进行为期2个月的实地调查。结果表明:地域特征、气候因素、晚稻栽插时间、种植模式、品种抗(耐)特性、基层农技人员缺乏对南方水稻黑条矮缩病的正确认识和未采取及时有效的措施等因素是该地区南方水稻黑条矮缩病大暴发的主要原因。 In order to understand the outbreak factors of rice black-streaked dwarf disease in southern China, a field survey was conducted on the incidence of rice in the jurisdiction and adjacent area of ​​Matian Township, Luxi County, Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province for two months. The results showed that the factors such as geographical characteristics, climate factors, planting time of late rice, planting patterns, anti-tolerance of varieties, grassroots agricultural technicians lack of correct understanding of southern black-streaked dwarf diseases and failure to take timely and effective measures were The main reason for large outbreak of southern black rice dwarf disease in the area.