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目的分析2008-2012年萍乡市手足口病的流行病学特征,为萍乡市手足口病防控提供科学依据。方法收集整理萍乡市2008-2012年手足口病疫情相关资料,用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果 2008-2012年,萍乡市5个县(区)均有手足口病例报告,共报告手足口病例14 031例,年平均发病率为151.23/10万,共报告手足口病重症155例,其中死亡2例。男、女性别比为1.71︰1,年龄以0~5岁为主,占总病例数的97.81%,散居儿童发病占77.69%。发病高峰时间多集中在4-7月,在冬季出现小高峰。报告发生手足口病聚集性疫情57起,其中发生在托幼机构的占总起数的87.72%。2008-2012年共检测934份病例的样本,阳性701份,总阳性率为75.05%;其中EV71型阳性率、CoxA16型阳性率、其他肠道病毒的阳性率分别为33.30%、18.95%、22.70%。结论 2008-2012年,萍乡市手足口病报告发病率呈逐年上升趋势,手足口病已成为萍乡市的一个重要的公共卫生问题。今后应加强手足口病监测和预警工作,加强卫生部门和教育部门的合作,积极开展防病知识的宣传教育,强化技术培训。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Pingxiang City from 2008 to 2012, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease in Pingxiang City. Methods The data of epidemic situation of hand, foot and mouth disease in Pingxiang from 2008 to 2012 were collected and analyzed by the descriptive method. Results From 2008 to 2012, there were 14 cases of hand-foot-mouth reported in 5 counties (districts) of Pingxiang City. A total of 14 031 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported, with an average annual incidence of 151.23 / 100 000. A total of 155 cases of HFMD were reported, 2 died. Male and female ratio was 1.71︰1, with the age of 0 ~ 5 years old, accounting for 97.81% of the total number of cases. The incidence of scattered children accounted for 77.69%. The incidence of peak time and more concentrated in April-July, a small peak in winter. In the report, there were 57 HFMD outbreaks, of which 87.72% occurred in nurseries. A total of 701 positive samples were detected in 934 cases from 2008 to 2012, with a total positive rate of 75.05%. The positive rates of EV71, CoxA16 and other enteroviruses were 33.30%, 18.95% and 22.70 %. Conclusion From 2008 to 2012, the reported incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Pingxiang City has been increasing year by year. Hand-foot-mouth disease has become an important public health issue in Pingxiang City. In the future, hand, foot and mouth disease monitoring and early warning should be strengthened to strengthen cooperation between the health sector and the education sector, and publicity and education on disease prevention knowledge should be actively carried out so as to strengthen technical training.