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建筑物防雷包括两部分,即外部防雷和内部防雷。外部防雷装置,是所有敷设和存在于建筑物外部的、用以直接接受雷电流并导入大地的这样装置的总和。它一般是在外部围绕建筑物用金属体(包括利用建筑物本身的金属体)构成的法拉第笼,或者是按保护范围确定的避雷针。内部防雷措施,是为防止雷电流及其电场、磁场对金属装置、电气装置产生效应所采取的对策,这首先包括均衡电位和过电压保护的措施。在低压用电装置(特别是那些设有电子测量、控制和调节设备的装置)中,雷击过电压事故近年来趋于增加,并引起人们的注意。据国外统计,这种间接雷击事故已经是其它直接雷击事故的好多倍。
The lightning protection of buildings includes two parts, namely external lightning protection and internal lightning protection. External lightning protection devices are the sum total of all such devices that are laid and present outside the building to receive lightning currents directly into the earth. It is generally a Faraday cage made of metal surrounding the building (including the metal body of the building itself) or a lightning rod determined by the scope of protection. Internal lightning protection measures are measures taken to prevent lightning currents and their electric and magnetic fields from exerting effects on metal devices and electrical devices. This includes the measures of equalization potential and overvoltage protection. In low-voltage electrical installations (especially those equipped with electronic measurement, control and regulation equipment), lightning overvoltage accidents have tended to increase in recent years and attracted attention. According to statistics from abroad, this indirect lightning strike accident is already many times as many other direct lightning strikes.