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为了实现对螺栓松紧状态的监测,设计一种黏贴有PZT材料的特制垫片。设定形状不同的垫片,并与直接将PZT片黏贴在螺栓附近结构表面的方法进行对比试验。研究螺栓松紧程度不同的情况下各种监测方法的PZT谐振频率、幅值和损伤系数等频谱特性参数的变化。试验结果表明:将PZT片粘贴在翘垫片上的方法中PZT片的RMSD值随螺栓扭矩增大,有明显减小的趋势。且从4个螺栓相互干扰的试验结果来看,使用翘垫片的方法感应范围集中于垫片的螺栓与主体结构连接部分,非常有效地隔离了临近螺栓松动对信号的干扰,对螺栓松动的敏感性更高。
In order to monitor the elastic state of bolts, a special gasket with PZT material is designed. Set the different shape of the gasket, and the PZT piece directly to the structure near the surface of the bolt method of comparison test. The changes of the spectral characteristic parameters such as the resonance frequency, amplitude and damage coefficient of PZT under various monitoring methods were studied. The test results show that the PZT film’s RMSD value increases with the bolt torque in the method of pasting the PZT piece on the washer pad, which shows a significant decrease trend. And from the four bolts interfere with the test results, the use of the method of inductive washer pads focus on the sensor pad and the main structure of the connection part, very effective isolation of adjacent bolts loosening of the signal interference, loose bolts More sensitive.