对多孔金属的研究起源于人类对轻质材料的需求,即在保持一定强度和刚度的前提下,通过引入大量孔洞来降低金属材料的密度,从而实现轻质高强的目标。多孔金属材料的制备主要采用粉末冶金、电化学沉积和去合金化方法。粉末冶金法造孔是通过粉末直接烧结保留金属颗粒间空隙,或在烧结的粉末中加入发泡剂,高温烧结时发泡剂挥发,留下孔洞;电化学沉积方法是在导电的多孔模板上沉积金属,经烧结使沉积材料连接成骨 The study of porous metal originated from the human demand for lightweight materials, that is, to achieve the goal of lightweight and high strength by introducing a large number of holes to reduce the density of metal materials while maintaining a certain strength and rigidity. Porous metal materials are mainly prepared by powder metallurgy, electrochemical deposition and de-alloying methods. Powder metallurgy pore-making is the direct sintering of the powder to retain the gap between the metal particles, or in the sintered powder by adding a blowing agent, high-temperature sintering blowing agent volatilization, leaving the hole; electrochemical deposition method is in the conductive porous template The metal is deposited and sintered to attach the deposited material to the bone