【摘 要】
：
The carbon-based metal-free materials as catalysts (named as carbocatalysts) have been attracting tremendous attentions in electric-,solar-and thermal-driven re
【机 构】
：
School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, Ch
论文部分内容阅读
The carbon-based metal-free materials as catalysts (named as carbocatalysts) have been attracting tremendous attentions in electric-,solar-and thermal-driven reactions nowadays.Compared to electrocatalysis and photocatalysis,the thermal-driven catalysis (thermocatalysis) including liquid phase and gas phase reactions involves wider scope and is relatively easy to realize practical large-scale applications.Over the past several years,some striking achievements on the design of new carbon-based metal-free materials with well-defined structures and heteroatom groups as well as the revelation of new reaction mechanisms and active sites in thermocatalysis have been obtained.However,comparative discussions regarding these recent achievements have been rarely highlighted.In this review,we system-atically summarize and discuss six kinds of carbocatalysts and their applications in thermocatalysis.These materials include typical oxygen-attached carbon,surface modified carbon (graft with certain organic compounds),mono-doped carbon,co-doped carbon,carbon nitride and materials with carbon as dopant.Some new reaction processes as well as the related reaction mechanisms,active sites and intermediates are reviewed critically.Moreover,an outlook on the in-depth investigation of the metal-free carbocatalysis in the future is provided.
其他文献
Lithium metal is one of the most promising anode materials for next-generation electrochemical energy storage due to low electrochemical potential and high spec
Defect passivation is one of the most important strategies to boost both the efficiency and stability of per-ovskite solar cells(PSCs).Here,nontoxic and sustain
The demand for efficient and environmentally-benign electrocatalysts that help availably harness the renewable energy resources is growing rapidly. In recent years, increasing insights into the design of water electrolysers, fuel cells, and metal–air batt
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been considered as one of the most promising candidates to traditional lithium ion batteries due to its low cost,high theor
Sodium-ion capacitors(SICs)are extremely promising due to the combined merits of high energy-power characteristics and considerable price advantage.However,it i
Aluminum batteries are attractive in electrochemical energy storage due to high energy density and lowcost aluminum,while the energy density is limited for the lack of favorable positive electrode materials to match aluminum negative electrodes.Tellurium
Lithium (Li) metal anodes with the high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh g-1) and most negative reduction potential (-3.04 V vs.standard hydrogen electro
Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion battery (RAZIB) is a promising energy storage system due to its high safety,and high capacity.Among them,manganese oxides with low
Transition metal compound(TMC)/carbon hybrids,as prospering electrocatalyst,have attracted great attention in the field of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).Their
Efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline solution are highly required for water splitting.Here we design an ultra-small PtOx