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目的:探讨孕母妊娠中晚期抑郁症对婴儿气质的影响及护理干预效果。方法:选取妊娠中晚期孕妇750例,采用SDS抑郁量表筛查,共筛查出抑郁症孕母112例,非抑郁症638例。从非抑郁症孕母中随机选取55例做正常对照。抑郁症孕母随机分为两组,每组56例,定期随访,在妊娠及分娩期间分别给予护理干预和不予护理干预。待分娩后检查出生后4～8个月婴儿的气质。结果:抑郁症孕母所生产新生儿中,麻烦型(D型)及中间-偏烦型(I-D型)所占比例明显高于正常对照组,平易型(E型)及中间-偏易型(I-E型)新生儿比例明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);通过护理干预,妊娠期抑郁症孕母新生儿气质类型发生明显改变,D型及I-D型新生儿比例明显下降,E及I-E型比例增高,与正常对照组接近(P值均>0.05)。结论:妊娠中晚期抑郁症可明显影响婴儿气质类型,D型及I-D型所占比例增高,而护理干预措施可有效降低妊娠期抑郁症孕母生产D型及I-D型新生儿比例。
Objective: To investigate the effect of midwifery depression during pregnancy on infant temperament and nursing intervention. Methods: One hundred and seventy pregnant women of middle and late pregnancy were selected and screened by SDS Depression Scale. 112 pregnant women with depression and 638 non-depression were screened out. 55 non-depressive pregnant women randomly selected for normal control. Depression pregnant women were randomly divided into two groups, 56 cases in each group, regular follow-up, respectively, during pregnancy and childbirth were given nursing intervention and no nursing intervention. To be checked after delivery 4 to 8 months after birth, the baby’s temperament. Results: The proportions of troubled type (D type) and intermediate type (ID type) were significantly higher in the newborns with depression than those in the normal control group, plain type (E type) and middle type (IE type), the difference was statistically significant (P all <0.05). Through nursing intervention, the types of pregnant women with newborns during pregnancy depression significantly changed, the proportion of D-type and ID-type neonates (P <0.05). The ratio of E and IE increased significantly compared with the control group (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Depression in the second trimester of pregnancy can significantly affect the type of infant temperament, D-type and I-D type of the proportion increased, and nursing interventions can effectively reduce gestational depression pregnant women producing type D and I-D neonates.