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合伙和协作大学研究对以科学为基础的工业而言是必不可少的。由于用于支持工业和商业各个部门的科学基础急剧扩展,企业不可能去研究影响其经营活动的所有科目。通过与大学合作,企业可以取得长足进展,并可扩大自己的影响与规模,以便共同参与研究。同时,也更容易成为国际团体的一部分。然而,要获得合作成功,企业还必须认识到,研究不是开发,也需要较长的时间才能获得回报,而且通常是间接的。当然,对于此类研究的投资金额,不同的项目各有不同。对于典型的高科技项目来说,大约需要产品开发经费的十分之一,而产品开发费用又是总收入的十分之一左右。研究支出的管理与评估不同于开发支出,对开发支出的管理控制理所当然地要更为严格,计划性要更强。有人提出大学与企业合作会失去学校的独立性,我认为不是这样。与企业合作可获得更多的资金来源,也能更为有效地利用现有的政府资金和捐赠资金。结果会使学校研究人员有更多的选择自由和更好的机会去寻找从事其研究所需要的支持。但企业界必须愿意通过共享知识产权和及时公布研究成果来分享研究结果。
Partnership and Collaboration University research is essential for a science-based industry. With the rapid expansion of the scientific foundations that support all sectors of industry and commerce, it is impossible for an organization to study all subjects that affect its operations. By partnering with universities, companies can make great strides and expand their reach and scale to participate in research. It is also easier to become part of an international community. However, to be successful, companies must also recognize that research is not a development and takes a long time to be rewarded, and often indirect. Of course, different projects vary depending on the amount of investment for such research. For a typical high-tech project, about one-tenth of product development funding is needed, and product development costs are about one-tenth of total revenue. The management and assessment of research expenditures are different from those of development expenditures, and the management and control of development expenditures are of course stricter and more planned. Someone suggested that university-enterprise cooperation would lose the independence of schools, which I think is not the case. Partnering with businesses gives them more access to sources of funding and more effective use of existing government and donor funds. As a result, school researchers have more freedom of choice and better opportunities to find the support they need to do their research. But businesses must be willing to share research findings by sharing intellectual property and publishing research results on time.