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目的:了解喀什地区维吾尔族孕妇膳食结构和营养素摄入状况,为在少数民族地区进行营养健康教育,促进新疆维吾尔族孕妇优生优育事业的发展提供依据。方法:采用随机整群抽样的方法,抽取了喀什市8个乡中的2乡1镇共242名孕妇进行24 h膳食调查。结果:剔除无效问卷,获得有效问卷231份,有效率95.45%。孕妇膳食中蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物分别占总热能的13.66%、13.51%、72.83%,优质蛋白占蛋白总摄入量的26.20%,动物性铁仅占13.75%,钙、碘、维生素B1、维生素B2、叶酸、维生素C分别占供给量标准的30.70%、29.52%、66.67%、60.59%、21.83%、67.55%。结论:孕妇的膳食中三大产热营养素比例不合理,优质蛋白、钙、铁、碘、维生素B1、维生素B2、叶酸为当地居民缺乏营养素,建议增加缺乏营养素的摄入量,以更有效地保障孕妇和胎儿的健康。
Objective: To understand the dietary structure and nutrient intakes of Uyghur pregnant women in Kashgar region, and to provide basis for carrying out nutrition and health education in ethnic minority areas and promoting the development of prenatal and postnatal care of pregnant women in Uighur. Methods: A total of 242 pregnant women in 2 townships and 1 township in 8 townships of Kashi city were selected for 24-hour dietary survey by random cluster sampling method. Results: Excluding invalid questionnaires, 231 valid questionnaires were obtained, with an effective rate of 95.45%. Dietary protein, fat and carbohydrate in pregnant women accounted for 13.66%, 13.51% and 72.83% of total calories respectively, 26.20% of high-quality protein accounted for total protein intake, animal iron only accounted for 13.75%, calcium, iodine, vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, folic acid and vitamin C accounted for 30.70%, 29.52%, 66.67%, 60.59%, 21.83% and 67.55% of the supply standards respectively. Conclusion: The proportion of the three major heat-producing nutrients in pregnant women’s diet is unreasonable. High-quality protein, calcium, iron, iodine, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and folic acid lack the nutrients for local residents and it is suggested to increase the lack of nutrient intake to more effectively To protect the health of pregnant women and fetuses.