目的 :探讨食管癌高低发区无症状居民食管上皮挖空细胞的分布差异及其与病变的关系 ,进一步了解挖空细胞在食管上皮癌变中的意义。方法 :人群普查 ,纤维内镜粘膜活检和组织病理学及计量分析 ,了解食管上皮不同病变中的挖空细胞分布特征。结果 :食管癌高低发区居民食管正常上皮及各级病变组织中均存在不同程度的挖空细胞。挖空细胞主要分布在食管上皮的中下 1/ 3区域。高发区居民食管中下段活检组织上皮下 1/ 3的挖空细胞检出率明显高于食管上皮的中 1/ 3区域 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,低发区居民也观察到相似的结果。高发区 ,正常上皮挖空细胞阳性率明显高于基底细胞过度增生和间变 ,阳性率随病变进展 ,明显下降 ,低发区也呈现相似的变化 ;高低发区食管中段组织挖空细胞密度分别为 (2 3.95± 14 .0 5 )mm-2 和 (2 2 .95± 10 .88)mm-2 ,下段分别为 (31.4 0± 2 4 .75 )mm-2 和 (30 .15±19.4 5 )mm-2 ;高低发区正常上皮分别为 (30 .73± 2 0 .83)mm-2 和 (2 7.0 0± 16 .86 )mm-2 ,基底细胞过度增生组织分别为 (2 4 .6 3± 19.6 2 )mm-2 和 (2 6 .0 8± 15 .4 5 )mm-2 ,各组间差异均无统计学意义。结论 :挖空细胞是食管癌高低发区居民食管上皮常见的形态学变化 ,挖空细胞主要分布在上皮的下 1/ 3,并随病变进展呈升 Objective: To investigate the distribution of hollow cells in esophageal epithelium of esophageal asymptomatic esophageal cancer patients and its relationship with pathological changes, to further understand the significance of hollowing cells in carcinogenesis of esophageal epithelium. Methods: Census of population, endoscopic mucosal biopsy and histopathology and etiological analysis of esophageal mucosal epithelial cells to understand the distribution of hollow cells in different pathological changes of esophageal epithelium. Results: The esophageal high and low incidence of esophageal normal epithelium and lesions at all levels there are varying degrees of hollow cells. Hollow cells are mainly located in the lower esophageal 1/3 area. The detection rate of hollow cells in 1/3 of the subcutaneous epithelium in the middle and lower esophagus in the high incidence area was significantly higher than that in the middle 1/3 area of ​​esophageal epithelium (P <0.05), and similar results were observed in residents in the low incidence area . The positive rate of keloid cells in high-incidence area and normal epithelium was significantly higher than that in basal cell hyperplasia and anaplasticity, the positive rate decreased with the progression of the disease, and the low incidence area also showed similar changes. The density of hollowed- (2 3.95 ± 14 .0 5) mm-2 and (2 2 .95 ± 10 .88) mm-2, and the lower segments were (31.4 0 ± 2 4 .75) mm-2 and (30.15 ± 19.4 5) mm-2. The normal epithelium in the high and low incidence areas were (30.73 ± 2.083) mm-2 and (2.70 ± 0.168) mm-2 respectively. The basal cell hyperproliferative tissues were (2 4 .6 3 ± 19.6 2) mm-2 and (26.080 ± 15.454) mm-2, there were no significant differences among the groups. Conclusion: The hollow cells are the common morphological changes of esophageal epithelium in the high and low incidence area of ​​esophageal cancer. The hollow cells are mainly distributed in the lower 1/3 of the epithelium,