戊二醛消毒剂被誉为化学消毒剂发展史上的第三个里程碑,对细菌、结核杆菌、真菌、病毒和芽胞具有杀灭作用的广谱、高效、快速的消毒剂。现已广泛用于内窥镜、呼吸机、透析机、麻醉机等医疗器械的消毒灭菌。 1 戊二醛的特性 戊二醛是一种双醛类合成消毒剂,主要通过两个活泼的醛基来杀灭一切微生物;但其活性受pH值和温度等因素影响很大。 1.1 戊二醛在酸性条件下,其单位水解成一水化合物、二水化合物、环状的半乙缩醛和类似乙缩醛的多聚体,它们之间相互平衡。由于戊二醛酸性溶液只有少量戊二醛单体,所以其活性较差。但聚合作用缓慢,性质稳定,便于较长时间储存。在酸性条件下,可通过提高温度产生更多自由醛基来增强其生物活性。2％强化酸性戊二醛(pH值3.8)对细菌芽胞杀灭作用较碱性戊二醛弱,但对病毒的杀灭作用较碱性戊二醛强,稳 Glutaraldehyde disinfectant has been hailed as the third milestone in the history of chemical disinfectants and a broad spectrum of highly effective and rapid disinfectants that kill bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, fungi, viruses and spores. Is now widely used in endoscopes, ventilators, dialysis machines, anesthesia machines and other medical equipment disinfection and sterilization. 1 glutaraldehyde properties Glutaraldehyde is a dialdehyde synthetic disinfectant, mainly through two lively aldehyde groups to kill all microorganisms; but its activity by pH and temperature and other factors greatly affected. 1.1 Glutaraldehyde Under acidic conditions, the unit is hydrolyzed to monohydrate, dihydrate, cyclic hemi-acetal and polymers like acetal, which are in equilibrium with each other. As glutaraldehyde acid solution only a small amount of glutaraldehyde monomer, so its activity is poor. But the polymerization is slow, stable, easy to store longer. Under acidic conditions, its biological activity can be enhanced by increasing the temperature to produce more free aldehyde groups. 2% enhanced acid glutaraldehyde (pH value 3.8) on the bacterial spores kill alkaline glutaraldehyde than weak, but the killing of the virus than alkaline glutaraldehyde strong, stable