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目的:建立中文字词识别测验的全国常模。方法:自编中文字词识别测验,经条目筛选后采用分层比例抽样方法,在全国五个行政区17个大中城市及周边农村抽取样本1605例。结果:①地域:城市样本的识字和词汇两个分量表分及全量表总分均较农村样本高(P<0.01);②性别:男、女性两个分量表分及总分的差异均无显著性(P>0.05);③年龄:各年龄组两个分量表分及总分的差异无显著性(P>0.05);④文化:两个分量表分及总分均随文化程度增高而递增,各组差异十分显著(P<0.01),尤其是词汇分测验;⑤职业:四个职业层次间的词汇分测验及总分的均数组间差异均非常显著(P<0.01)。结论:中文字词识别测验城市和农村及其各年龄组的相应常模有较好的代表性。
Objective: To establish a national norm of Chinese word recognition test. Methods: A self-made Chinese word recognition test was conducted. After stratified proportion sampling was adopted, 1605 samples were taken from 17 large and medium-sized cities in five administrative regions and the surrounding countryside. Results: ①Region: The literal scores and vocabulary of urban samples were higher than the rural samples in both subscales and total scales (P <0.01); ②The gender: There was no difference between male and female subscales and total scores (P> 0.05); ③Age: There was no significant difference between the two subscales in each age group and the total score (P> 0.05); ④Culture: The scores of the two subscales and the total score increased with the education level (P <0.01), especially the vocabulary test; (5) Occupation: There were significant differences in the vocabulary scores among the four occupational levels and the mean score of the total score (P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The Chinese nouns recognition tests are well-representative of the corresponding norm in urban and rural areas and their age groups.