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《中华人民共和国电力法》规定电价为“实行统一政策,统一定价原则,分级管理。”且制定电价为“合理补偿成本,合理确定收益,依法计入税金,坚持公平负担”。可见,包括居民生活用电在内的电价制定,不仅实行统一标准,同时执行一定程度的成本补偿,以期推动电力建设,同时促进居民合理节约用电。笔者通过在湖南省怀化市各县区的调研,得到居民生活用电现状的第一手数据,对居民电价的涨幅情况及执行阶梯电价所带来的社会价值进行了评估,具有一定的现实意义。
The Electricity Law of the People’s Republic of China stipulates that the price of electricity shall be “uniform policy, unified pricing principle and hierarchical management.” And the electricity price is set as “reasonably compensating cost, reasonably determining income, taxing according to law and insisting on fair burden”. It can be seen that the electricity price including residential electricity consumption is formulated not only by implementing a uniform standard but also by implementing a certain degree of cost compensation with a view to promoting power construction while promoting residents’ rational electricity conservation. Through the research in all counties and districts of Huaihua City in Hunan Province, the author has obtained the first-hand data on the current status of residential electricity consumption, and has assessed the increase of residential electricity prices and the social value brought by the implementation of the electricity price ladder, which has some realistic significance .