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目的探讨实验性肺血栓栓塞症(PTE)后单核细胞趋化蛋白1(MCP1)和血小板源生长因子B(PDGFB)表达及其在栓塞后肺血管重建中的作用。方法60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组和肺栓塞组,每组30只,肺栓塞组经颈静脉注入自体血栓制备PTE模型。两组分别于术后第1、4、7、14及28d各处死6只,分别测PaO2、mPAP,HE染色观察栓塞后肺动脉内膜增生情况,免疫组化方法检测MCP1和PDGFB在肺动脉和周围肺组织的表达,半定量观察其动态变化。结果PTE组栓塞后1周内PaO2明显低于假手术组(P<0.05),1周后恢复正常。两组mPAP比较无显著性差异。栓塞后第4d即见肺动脉内膜增生并持续至第28d。MCP1和PDGFB主要由肺动脉平滑肌细胞和巨噬细胞表达,MCP1在栓塞后第1～14d、PDGFB在栓塞后第1～7d持续高表达,之后表达逐渐减弱。结论急性PTE后肺动脉MCP1、PDGFB表达增强,参与了栓塞后肺血管重建过程。
Objective To investigate the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1) and platelet derived growth factor B (PDGFB) after experimental pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and its role in pulmonary vascular remodeling following embolization. Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group and pulmonary embolism group, with 30 rats in each group. PTE model was established by injecting autologous thrombus into the pulmonary embolism group. Six rabbits were sacrificed on the 1st, 4th, 7th, 14th and 28th day after operation. PaO2, mPAP and HE staining were used to observe the pulmonary intimal hyperplasia after embolization. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of MCP1 and PDGFB in the pulmonary artery and its surroundings Lung tissue expression, semi-quantitative observation of its dynamic changes. Results PaO2 in PTE group was significantly lower than that in sham operation group (P <0.05) within 1 week after embolization, and returned to normal after 1 week. There was no significant difference between the two groups of mPAP. Pulmonary artery intimal hyperplasia was seen on the 4th day after embolization and continued until the 28th day. MCP1 and PDGFB were mainly expressed in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and macrophages. From the 1st to the 14th day after the embolization, the expression of PDGFB continued to be high on the 1st to 7th day after embolization, and then gradually decreased. Conclusions The expression of MCP1 and PDGFB in the pulmonary artery after acute PTE is enhanced, which is involved in the process of pulmonary vascular remodeling after embolization.