说明文是把事物的知识告诉别人,它要求把某一事物的性质、特征等说得清楚明白。可是,学生写说明文容易犯两种毛病:一是只会罗列材料,没有明确的中心,结果头绪多重点不突出,事物反而纠缠不清;二是不能根据事物本身的条理,把文章的层次写清楚。要帮助学生克服这些毛病,除加强说明文阅读指导、作文评讲外,还必须设计、编写一些专门性的写作练习,比如把杂乱的句子或段落调整修改成文,围绕一个中心,从零乱的材料中,选取有用的部分,整理加工成篇等。这种训 Explaining the text is to tell the knowledge of things. It requires that the nature and characteristics of a certain thing be clearly explained. However, it is easy for students to write essays to make two kinds of faults: First, only materials will be listed, there will be no clear center, and the results will not be highlighted, but things will be tangled up. Second, the level of writing cannot be written according to the organization of things themselves. clear. To help students overcome these problems, in addition to strengthening instructional text reading instruction and writing commentary, they must also design and write some specialized writing exercises, such as modifying messy sentences or paragraph adjustments into texts, centering on a center, from turbulent materials. , select useful parts, organize and process articles etc. This training