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最近一,二十年,在放射医学和放射生物学中产生了一个新的学科分支,即临床放射生物学或医学放射生物学,而且它已有了相当大的发展。这个学科的主要任务是利用在各个系统和不同生物结构水平进行放射生物学大量研究中获得的基本规律,分析人和动物的正常组织和肿瘤组织的放射损伤,作出科学论证,并在这个基础上制定和完善恶性肿瘤的放射治疗方法。苏联医学科学院放射医学研究所在这个领域里进行了积极的研究。本文拟对以往进行的研究工作,结合临床放射生物学的现代概念和发展前景,作一简要总结。苏联医学科学院放射医学研究所在放射医学、生物学和遗传学方面的大量研究工作为临床放射生物学的研究奠定了基础。研究得特别多的是:细胞放射损伤和恢复的机理,受照射细胞的细胞遗传效应的发生和修复的规律,以及各种能改变辐射敏感性的方法的效果。本研究所在阐明哺乳动物细胞放射损伤和脱氧
In the last one to two decades, a new disciplinary branch has emerged in radiology and radiobiology, clinical radiobiology or medical radiobiology, and it has seen considerable development. The main task of this discipline is to use the basic laws obtained in a large number of studies on radiobiology at various levels of systems and biological structures, to analyze the radiation damage of normal tissues and tumor tissues of humans and animals, to make scientific arguments, and on this basis. Formulate and improve radiotherapy methods for malignant tumors. The Institute of Radiation Medicine of the Soviet Academy of Medical Sciences has conducted active research in this field. This article proposes a brief summary of previous research work combined with modern concepts and development prospects of clinical radiobiology. A large number of research work in the field of radiation medicine, biology and genetics of the Institute of Radiological Medicine of the Soviet Academy of Medical Sciences laid the foundation for the study of clinical radiobiology. The most studied are: the mechanism of cellular radiation damage and recovery, the occurrence and repair of cytogenetic effects of irradiated cells, and the effects of various methods that can alter radiation sensitivity. This study clarifies the damage and deoxygenation of mammalian cells