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作为世界第八大经济实体的巴西,在过去的五十年里,国内生产总值翻了十五番。综观巴西经济的发展历程,其中最明显的特征是充分利用外国资金和技术发展民族工业。这种进口替代政策使巴西经济取得了迅速的发展,在无需进行大规模科研投入的情况下,国家直接从国外进口工业现代化所需要的机械设备和技术,建立了以汽车工业为支柱的工业体系。由于经济的不断发展,巴西逐步从传统的进口国变为出口国,出口产品开始对技术输出国的产品形成竞争。
As Brazil, the eighth largest economy in the world, its GDP has doubled over the past 50 years. Looking at the course of Brazil’s economic development, the most obvious feature of it is making full use of foreign funds and technology in the development of national industry. This import substitution policy has brought about a rapid economic development in Brazil. Without large-scale investment in scientific research, the state imports the machinery and equipment required for industrial modernization directly from abroad and establishes an industrial system based on the automobile industry . Due to the continuous economic development, Brazil gradually changed from a traditional importer to an exporter, and export products began to compete with the products of the countries of technical export.