Recent developments in tumor immunology and biotechnology have made cancer gene therapy and immunotherapyfeasible.The current efforts for cancer gene therapy mainly focus on using immunogenes,chemogenes and tumor sup-pressor genes.Central to all these therapies is the development of efficient vectors for gene therapy.By far,adenovirus(AdV)-mediated gene therapy is one of the most promising approaches,as has confirmed by studies relating to animaltumor models and clinical trials.Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly efficient,specialized antigen-presenting cells,and DC-based tumor vaccines are regarded as having much potential in cancer immunotherapy.Vaccination with DCs pulsedwith tumor peptides,Iysates,or RNA,or loaded with apoptotic/necrotic tumor cells,or engineered to express certaincytokines or chemokines could induce significant antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses and antitumorimmunity.Although both AdV-mediated gene therapy and DC vaccine can both stimulate antitumor immune responses,their therapeutic efficiency has been limited to generation of prophylactic antitumor immunity against re-challenge withthe parental tumor cells or to growth inhibition of small tumors.However,this approach has been unsuccessful in com-bating welt-established tumors in animal models.Therefore,a major strategic goal of current cancer immunotherapy hasbecome the development of novel therapeutic strategies that can combat welt-established tumors,thus resembling realclinical practice since a good proportion of cancer patients generally present with significant disease.In this paper,wereview the recent progress in AdV-mediated cancer gene therapy and DC-based cancer vaccines,and discuss combinedimmunotherapy including gene therapy and DC vaccines.We underscore the fact that combined therapy may have someadvantages in combating well-established tumors vis-a-vis either modality administered as a monotherapy. Recent developments in tumor immunology and biotechnology have made cancer gene therapy and immunotherapy mayas the current efforts for cancer gene therapy therapy mainly focus on using immunogenes, chemogenes and tumor sup-pressor genes. Central to all these therapies is the development of efficient vectors for gene therapy .By far, adenovirus (AdV) -mediated gene therapy is one of the most promising approaches, as has been studied by animal tumor genus and clinical trials. Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly efficient, specialized antigen-presenting cells, and DC -based tumor vaccines are regarded as having much potential in cancer immunotherapy. Vaccination with DCs pulsedwith tumor peptides, Iysates, or RNA, or loaded with apoptotic / necrotic tumor cells, or engineered to express certain cytokines or chemokines could induce significant antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocyte ( CTL) responses and antitumor immunity. Both both AdV-mediated gene therapy and DC vaccine can both stimulate antitumor imm uneresponsive, their therapeutic efficiency has been limited to generation of prophylactic antitumor immunity against re-challenge with the parental tumor cells or to growth inhibition of small tumors. However, this approach has been unsuccessful in com-bating welt-establishing tumors in animal models. Therefore, a major strategic goal of current cancer immunotherapy hasbecome the development of novel therapeutic strategies that can combat welt-established tumors, thus resembling real clinical practice since a good proportion of cancer patients present with significant disease. In this paper, wereview the recent progress in AdV-mediated cancer gene therapy and DC-based cancer vaccines, and discuss combined immunotherapy including gene therapy and DC vaccines. We underscore the fact that combined therapy may have someadvantages in combating well-established tumors vis-a-vis either modality administered as a monotherapy.