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近年来,作为冶金生产的矿物原料基地的矿山企业,在采掘与选矿工艺和有用矿物矿床的开采方法方面,有了很大的变化。这些变化是指矿山工程减少,极坚硬的矿岩量增加(占总开采量的70％),矿石含水、岩石压力增加,更多的贫矿床投入生产,深水平开拓方式复杂化。保持和改善环境的要求更加严格了。将近30％的露天铁矿开采深度已达300m,每年露天开采矿山工程下降15～20m,地下开采下降20～25m,矿山工程越来越深,导致露天矿运输系统复杂化和运输距离增加。在地下矿山,使用劳动强度较大的采矿方法(胶结充填采矿法的比重占地下采矿量的31％～33％),以及由于地压增大,处于工作状态
In recent years, the mining enterprises, which are the base of mineral raw materials for metallurgical production, have undergone great changes in the methods of mining and beneficiation processes and the exploitation of useful mineral deposits. These changes are the reduction of mine works, the increase of extremely hard ore deposits (accounting for 70% of the total production), the ore containing water, the rock pressure increasing, more lean deposits being put into production, and the deep horizontal exploration way being complicated. The requirements of maintaining and improving the environment are more stringent. Nearly 30% of the open-pit iron mine has reached a depth of 300m. Each year, open-pit mining projects have been reduced by 15-20m and underground mining has been reduced by 20-25m. As a result, mining projects have become deeper and deeper, resulting in the complexity and transport distance of the open-pit mine transportation system. In underground mines, the use of labor-intensive mining methods (cementing the proportion of mining accounted for 31% to 33% of the amount of underground mining), and due to increased pressure, in working condition