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目的:探讨大鼠腹侧中脑多巴胺能(mDA)神经元的形态学发育和分布特征。方法:取胚胎晚期至成年大鼠不同时期的腹侧中脑连续冠状切片,以酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)免疫荧光染色方法观察mDA神经元。结果:(1)在胚胎期,TH阳性细胞多为圆形或椭圆形,随着发育进程,其突起逐渐伸长,分支也逐渐增多;出生后28 d,TH阳性细胞表现为成熟mDA神经元的形态特征。(2)Map-2/TH免疫荧光检测显示,新生期大鼠腹侧中脑TH阳性神经元定位分布与成年期的mDA神经元分布趋向一致。(3)E16.5 d时腹侧中脑TH阳性细胞的数量和密度最大,此后逐渐下降。结论:大鼠mDA神经元的发育在出生前后,呈现先大量形成后又逐渐减少的过程,与此同时其形态趋向成熟;至P0 d时mDA神经元分布定位基本完成,至出生后28 d形态学发育成熟。
Objective: To investigate the morphology and distribution of dopaminergic neurons in ventral mesencephalon in rats. Methods: The ventral midbrain coronal sections were obtained from different stages of embryo to adult rats. The mDA neurons were observed by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunofluorescence staining. Results: (1) TH-positive cells were mostly round or oval in the embryonic stage, with their protrusions progressively expanding and their branches gradually increasing as the developmental process. At 28 d after birth, TH-positive cells showed mature mDA neurons Morphological characteristics. (2) Map-2 / TH immunofluorescence showed that the distribution of TH-positive neurons in the ventral midbrain of neonatal rats was consistent with that of adult mDA neurons. (3) The number and density of TH-positive cells in the ventral midbrain at E16.5 d were the largest, and then gradually decreased. CONCLUSION: The development of mDA neurons in rats appeared to be massively formed and then decreased gradually. At the same time, the morphology of mda neurons matured. At the time of P0 d, the distribution of mDA neurons was basically completed and reached the level of 28 days after birth Learn to mature.