从人力资本的引申义和经济学本义出发确立军事人力资本的概念，是深入考察传统人力资本理论局限性和军事活动经济本质的必然结果。战争不仅是政治的继续，而且是以暴力手段谋取和维护一定经济利益的经济活动；和平时期，军事活动是生产国防安全这一公共产品的经济活动，是一切经济活动的内在组成部分；军事人力资本是这些广义军事经济活动的主体和资本，具有一般人力资本的共同特点，又有独特点；人是战争和军队建设中的决定性因素，迎接新军事革命的挑战，加强质量建军，走精兵之路，赢得未来战争的胜利，关键在于大力提高我军的文化水平，改变我军军事人力资本智能层次低、智能总量小的状况 The concept of establishing military human capital from the extension of human capital and the original meaning of economics is an inevitable result of an in-depth examination of the limitations of traditional human capital theory and the economic nature of military activities. The war is not only the continuation of politics but also the economic activity of seeking and safeguarding certain economic interests by means of violence. In peacetime, military activities are the economic activities that produce national security and public goods and are an intrinsic part of all economic activities. The military manpower Capital is the main body and capital of these generalized military economic activities and has the common characteristics of common human capital as well as its unique characteristics. People are the decisive factor in the war and army building, meet the challenge of the new military revolution, strengthen the quality of army building, The key to winning the victory in the future war lies in vigorously raising the level of our military’s education and changing the conditions for the low intelligence level and the small total amount of intelligence in our military’s military human capital