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目的阐述广西富川县班氏丝虫病残存疫点发现过程及其处理措施和效果,揭示其流行病学特征。方法2007年8月至2008年3月,在广西富川县朝东镇和麦岭镇的5个行政村(长塘、黄沙、茶山、福溪和长春)开展丝虫病疫点调查。采用厚血膜双片法检测首发患者所在的疫点长塘村及其毗邻的黄沙和茶山村居民,阳性者再作个案调查。疫点长塘村外出返乡人员以及毗邻的福溪和长春村居民,先用快速免疫色谱测试卡(ICT卡)进行血清学检测,阳性者再用厚血膜双片法确诊。在疫点长塘行政村的干上和印山自然村进行人房捕蚊、解剖致倦库蚊,观察幼丝虫感染情况。查阅富川县防治丝虫病历史资料,走访村民了解20世纪70年代接受丝虫病检查和服用乙胺嗪(海群生)药盐防治丝虫病具体情况。结果检查富川县长塘行政村居民1052人,微丝蚴血症者19例(干上村16例、印山村3例),微丝蚴率为1.81%(干上村为5.90%、印山村为1.42%),平均微丝蚴密度为17.4/60μl血。对毗邻的4个行政村扩大调查4119人,均为阴性。19例微丝蚴血症者分布于12户家庭,其中13例有亲属关系,在空间和家庭分布上有相对集中的趋势。年龄分布以20～29岁和50～59岁为主,其中50岁以上占微丝蚴血症者总数的57.9%。解剖疫点村致倦库蚊54只,未发现幼丝虫阳性蚊。长塘行政村当年丝虫病纵向或横向监测,以及干上自然村丝虫病疫情和相关的防治资料均未查到。走访长塘行政村60岁以上村民及村医27人,均未曾食用乙胺嗪(海群生)药盐。结论广西富川县的干上和印山自然村为班氏丝虫病残存疫点,属低度流行区,流行范围局限,中老年患者居多,平均微丝蚴密度偏低。
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the epidemiological characteristics of the endemic filariasis in Buchuan county, Guangxi province, and to find out its treatment measures and effects. Methods From August 2007 to March 2008, a survey on filariasis was conducted in five administrative villages (Changtang, Huangsha, Dasan, Fusi and Changchun) in Chaodong and Maiying Township, Fuchuan County, Guangxi. A thick film bi-slice method was used to test the residents in the village of Changtang and its adjacent residents in Huangsha and Chashan villages where the first patient was located. Outpatients returned from Changtang Village in the outbreak and residents of adjacent Fuxi and Changchun villages were serologically tested with a rapid immunochromatographic test card (ICT card), and the positive patients were diagnosed with a thick film bi-slice method. At the outbreak of Changtang administrative village and in the Yingshan Nature Village, the mosquitoes were collected and the Culex pipiens pallens were dissected and the infection of the young filariasis was observed. Check Fuchuan County, the history of filariasis control information, visit the villagers to understand the 20th century, 70 years of acceptance of filariasis inspection and taking diethylcarbamazine (Haiqunsheng) drug control filariasis specific circumstances. Results A total of 1052 residents were residents of Changtang Administration Village in Fuchuan County. Among them, 19 were microfilariae (16 in Shangjian Village and 3 in Yin Mountain Village). The rate of microfilariae was 1.81% (dry village was 5.90% and Yin village was 1.42 %), The average microfilaria density was 17.4 / 60 μl of blood. 4119 people were surveyed in 4 adjacent administrative villages, all of which were negative. Nineteen cases of microfilaremia were found in 12 families, of which 13 were relatives, with relative concentration in space and family distribution. The age distribution of 20 to 29 years old and 50 to 59 years of age, of which over 50 accounted for 57.9% of the total microfilariae. Anatomy epidemic village Culex quinquefasciatus 54, did not find the young filariasis-positive mosquitoes. Longtang administrative village filariasis that year longitudinal or horizontal monitoring, as well as dry village on filariasis epidemic and related prevention and treatment information were not found. Visited the village of Chang Tong Administrative Village over the age of 60 and village doctors 27, did not eat diethylcarbamazine (sea qun) salt. Conclusion The stem and silkworm endemic villages in Fuchuan County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region are the remaining endemic sites of Bancroftian filariasis. They belong to the low endemic area and have limited epidemic scope. The majority of middle-aged and elderly patients have the lowest average microfilaria density.