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Gymnodimine(GYM)是1994年从新西兰牡蛎中被鉴定出的藻毒素.其由凯伦藻(Karenia selliformis)产生,结构中含有一个位于螺环上的亚胺氮,属于环亚胺毒素.亚胺是GYM的毒理功能基团,具有很高的小鼠腹腔注射急性致死毒性,口服毒性很小,但详细的毒理作用机制尚不清楚.本文基于有限的研究资料,系统综述了GYM的结构、来源生物、毒性机理、携带生物、地理分布、降解代谢、剂量响应关系及风险评估等研究现状,并对今后藻毒素的重点研究方向进行了展望.
Gymnodimine (GYM) is a marine algal toxin identified from New Zealand oysters in 1994. It is produced by Karenia selliformis and contains an imine nitrogen located on the spiro ring, Is a toxicological functional group of GYM, has a high acute toxicity to mice by intraperitoneal injection and has little oral toxicity, but the detailed toxicological mechanism is still unclear.Based on limited research data, this paper systematically reviews the structure of GYM , Biological origin, toxicity mechanism, biological entrainment, geographical distribution, metabolism, dose-response relationship and risk assessment. The future research directions of algal toxins in the future are prospected.