文学评论家要有两手:第一手是阅读文学作品;第二手是知识结构。欲作优秀评论家,于第一手固应努力,但关键还在第二手。凭才情年少成名者,很快遭遇瓶颈,即因第一手硬、第二手软。清末至今流行的知识结构,可数而知。以为思想基础,于中西文化大根大本、渊源流变皆不能知,故不足道。欲为优秀文学评论家,必也突破时代知识结构局限,具整体视野,把握中西文化大格局。今之文学评论,有三点可稍留意。一、理解当代文学,关键在于理解当代。当代文学是当代的文学,当代文学是当代的组成部分。当代来龙去脉、处乎什么阶段、主要问题在哪、目标是什么,才是重要问题。处乎今之世,出 Literary critics have two hands: the first is to read literature; the second is knowledge structure. To be a good critic, work hard at first hand, but the key is still second hand. Young talent by virtue of talent, soon encountered a bottleneck, that is, because the first hand hard, second hand soft. The popular knowledge structure in the late Qing Dynasty is countable. Thought that the basis of thinking, in the root of Chinese and Western cultures, the origin of change can not know, it is not enough. Desiring to be an excellent literary critic must also break through the limitations of the knowledge structure of the times, with an overall perspective and grasp the grand pattern of Chinese and Western cultures. Today’s literary criticism, there are three points to note. First, to understand contemporary literature, the key lies in understanding contemporary. Contemporary literature is contemporary literature, contemporary literature is an integral part of contemporary. It is an important issue that the current situation of the times and what stage the main problems lie and what are the objectives. In this world, out