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以磺化石墨烯(sGNS)为基板材料,通过界面聚合方法制备出不同分级结构磺化石墨烯负载聚苯胺(sGNS/PANI)复合材料,并系统研究了氧化剂类型对复合材料的化学组成、形貌结构和超级电容特性的影响.结果显示,过硫酸铵为氧化剂合成的复合材料中PANI的产率和氧化程度最高,其形貌呈现出sGNS垂直生长PANI纳米短棒阵列结构,PANI的共轭程度和结晶性均较高,从而赋予复合材料高的比电容(497.3 Fg-1),以及良好的倍率特性和循环稳定性(2000次循环后比电容仅损失5.7%).当以三氯化铁为氧化剂时,复合材料中PANI的得率很低,并在sGNS表面形成较薄的包覆层,此时复合材料的比电容最低(228.5 Fg-1),但充放电循环性能较好(2000次循环后比电容的保持率为87.4%).当氧化剂为高锰酸钾时,复合材料中PANI以团聚态颗粒无规堆积在sGNS表面,PANI以无定型结构存在,其比电容虽然较高(419.6 F g-1),但其倍率特性和充放电循环性能较差(2000次循环后比电容损失19.9%).
The graphene oxide-loaded polyaniline (sGNS / PANI) composites with different graded structure were prepared by interfacial polymerization using sGNS as substrate material. The chemical composition of the composite material was studied systematically. Morphology and supercapacitor characteristics of PANI nanocomposites.The results show that PANI has the highest yield and oxidation degree in the composites synthesized by ammonium persulfate as oxidant, (497.3 Fg-1), as well as good rate characteristics and cycle stability (loss of only 5.7% of specific capacitance after 2000 cycles) When iron is an oxidant, the yield of PANI in the composite is very low, and the thinner coating is formed on the surface of sGNS. The specific capacitance of the composite is the lowest (228.5 Fg-1), but the charge-discharge cycle performance is good After 2000 cycles, the specific capacitance retention rate was 87.4%.) When the oxidant is potassium permanganate, the PANI composites randomly aggregate on the surface of sGNS with agglomeration particles, while the PANI has an amorphous structure, High (419.6 F g-1), but its fold Charge-discharge cycle characteristics and poor performance (after 2000 cycles than the capacity loss 19.9%).