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一、农民技术资格证书制度的建立 为提高农民的职业技能和文化素质,适应农村经济发展和产业结构调整的需要,农业部于1990年在总结北京大兴县果树生产中试行的“绿色证书”制度经验的基础上,借鉴国外职业资格证书的做法,提出《关于农民技术资格证书制度试点工作的意见》,提出在农村试行农民技术资格证书(绿色证书)制度。后又根据国务院有关精神和试行中的实际情况,陆续颁发了《农民技术资格证书制度管理办法(试行)》和12个(良种繁殖、蔬菜、蚕桑等)指导性的岗位规范。对“绿色证书”制度的组织管理,实施范围、对象与技术标准,培训、考核与发证,持证人员的使用与管理,质量检查、监督与奖惩,岗位规范与标准等,都作出了明确规定,初步建立起符合我国国情的农民技能培训证书制度。
I. Establishment of farmers’ technical qualification certificate system In order to improve the vocational skills and cultural qualities of peasants and to meet the needs of rural economic development and industrial restructuring, the Ministry of Agriculture, in 1990, concluded a “green certificate” system that was piloted in fruit production in Daxing County, Beijing Experience, based on the practice of foreign vocational qualification certificate, put forward the “Opinion on the pilot project of farmers’ technical qualification certificate system”, put forward the pilot peasant technical qualification certificate (green certificate) system in rural areas. Afterwards, according to the relevant spirit of the State Council and the actual situation in the trial implementation, “Regulations on the Management of Peasants’ Technical Qualification Certificate (Trial)” and 12 guiding norms (breeding, vegetables, sericulture, etc.) were issued. The organization and management of “green certificate” system, the scope of implementation, object and technical standards, training, assessment and certification, the use and management of licensed personnel, quality inspection, supervision and rewards and punishments, job specifications and standards, have made clear Stipulates that a peasant skill training certificate system that basically meets the national conditions of our country will be initially established.