随着新课程改革的深入推进,大家都已经认识到小学科学教学的主要目标是培养与提高学生的科学素养。已有的文献资料和研究成果表明:实现孩子对科学本质的理解有两条途径,一是从科学探究中感知,二是通过科学史教育的感悟。由此可见,科学史教育是培养与提高学生科学素养的重要方面。那么在小学科学教学中我们如何来开展科学史的教育呢?笔者认为可以从以下几方面开展: With the deepening of the reform of the new curriculum, everyone has realized that the primary goal of science teaching in primary schools is to cultivate and improve students’ scientific literacy. The existing literature and research results show that there are two ways to realize children’s understanding of the nature of science. One is to perceive children through scientific inquiry, and the other is through the education of science history. Thus it can be seen that education of history of science is an important aspect of cultivating and improving students’ scientific literacy. So in primary science teaching how to carry out the history of science education? I believe that from the following aspects: