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目的了解中学生的饮食运动行为习惯,为学生肥胖干预提供依据。方法采取问卷调查的方法,对北京市西城区某中学全体学生(共967名)的饮食运动相关知识、行为开展调查。结果学生肥胖相关知识总体较好,对高能量食物的认知、肥胖的危险因素、肥胖的生理危害等内容均有较高知晓率。对冰淇凌、含糖饮料也是高能量食物知识知晓率仅为64.28%和69.73%,吃饭速度过快也会导致肥胖的知晓率仅为62.10%;对于不吃早饭的危害认识不够,6个知识点中知晓率最高一项仅为80.80%;仅有23.00%的学生知道正确计算体质量指数(BMI)的方法。学生日常饮食行为中,85.80%的学生每天都吃蔬菜,每天喝牛奶、吃水果的学生较少(分别为63.03%,60.29%),每天都吃早餐的学生占72.70%。学生运动情况普遍较差,每天参加1 h体育锻炼的学生比例为34.41%。结论学生整体饮食运动相关知识行为有很大的不足,学校健康教育还需进一步开展,体育锻炼推广工作亟待加强。
Objective To understand the dietary exercise habits of middle school students and provide basis for the intervention of obesity. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the diet movement related knowledge and behavior of all 967 students in a high school in Xicheng District, Beijing. Results The knowledge about obesity was generally good, and the cognition of high energy food, the risk factors of obesity and the physical harm of obesity all had higher awareness. On ice cream, sugary drinks are also high-energy food knowledge awareness rate of only 64.28% and 69.73%, eating too fast will lead to awareness of obesity is only 62.10%; do not know enough for the dangers of eating breakfast, 6 The highest awareness rate among knowledge points was only 80.80%; only 23.00% knew the correct way to calculate body mass index (BMI). Among the students’ daily eating behaviors, 85.80% of students eat vegetables daily, drink milk daily, eat less fruit (63.03% and 60.29% respectively), and eat 72.70% of students every day. Student sports generally poor, 1 h per day to participate in physical exercise students was 34.41%. Conclusion The overall knowledge and behavior of students on dietary exercise are greatly inadequate. School health education needs to be further carried out. The promotion of physical exercise needs to be strengthened.