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近年来,宏观超分子组装已经逐渐发展成为超分子化学中的一个新兴研究方向.宏观超分子组装是指特征尺寸在微米及微米以上尺度的构筑基元,通过分子间相互作用发生组装,形成有序结构的过程,是实现“全尺度自组装”不可或缺的环节,为超分子体相材料的制备提供了新的理念和方案.本文从宏观超分子组装的发展概况、设计原则与策略和应用方向3个方面展开综述,介绍了从基于长程作用力的“宏观组装”到基于分子间相互作用的“宏观超分子组装”的区别与联系,阐释了实现宏观超分子组装的设计原则和相关机理.最后,针对实现超分子材料广泛应用的目标,从“精准组装”的角度综述了提高组装结构有序程度的方法,以及宏观超分子组装在组织工程支架等方面的应用前景.
In recent years, macromolecular supramolecular assembly has been gradually developed into a new research direction in supramolecular chemistry.Microscopic supramolecular assembly refers to the building blocks of feature sizes on the micron and micron scale, through the intermolecular interaction assembly, the formation of a Order structure of the process is to achieve “full-scale self-assembly ” an indispensable link for the preparation of supramolecular material provides a new concept and program.In this paper, macromolecular supramolecular assembly development overview, design principles and Strategy and application direction. The difference and connection from “macroscopic assembly” based on long-range force to “macromolecular supramolecular assembly” based on intermolecular interaction are introduced. The realization of macro-supramolecular Assembly design principles and related mechanisms.Finally, aiming at the goal of realizing the widespread application of supramolecular materials, the methods to improve the orderliness of assembly structure and the macroscopic supramolecular assembly in tissue engineering scaffolds are summarized from the perspective of “precision assembly” The application prospects.