两宋时期,各地普遍设有为数众多的综合性济贫机构,其中,老人是一个重要的收养对象。两宋养老制度的实施,主要是依靠这些机构进行的。关于这一问题,学界虽给予了一定程度的关注,但已有成果多是在谈到宋朝社会福利制度时附带谈及,专题性的研究较少。对于此类机构的设置情况,不同类型机构的运作方式等方面的问题,都缺乏深入的研究。为此,本文拟在前人有关研究基础上,对此问题进行综合性探讨,以加深对宋朝乃至中国古代养老制度的全面了解。 During the Song and Song Dynasties, a large number of comprehensive institutions for providing poverty relief were generally established throughout the country. Among them, the elderly were an important adoptive object. The implementation of the pension system in Song Dynasty mainly relies on these institutions. Although scholars have given a certain degree of attention to this issue, most of the achievements have been made when talking about the social welfare system of the Song Dynasty. There are few thematic studies. There is a lack of in-depth research on such issues as the setting of such institutions and the operation of different types of institutions. Therefore, based on the previous studies, this article intends to conduct a comprehensive discussion on this issue to deepen the comprehensive understanding of the ancient pension system in the Song Dynasty and even in China.