目的：了解影响儿童智商的因素。方法：采用因子分析法，对影响儿童智商（IQ）的多因素作因子分析。结果：影响儿童IQ发育第一因子是母亲IQ、父亲IQ、家庭早期教育指数、父母文化程度、养育方式、期望值、出生时窒息和出生时低体重等；其次是个性、气质类型、行为问题及摄入营养素等。结论：父母IQ及提高父母文化程度和家庭早期教育均对提高儿童IQ有益。 Purpose: To understand the factors that affect children’s IQ. Methods: Factor analysis was used to analyze the multiple factors influencing children’s IQ. Results: The first factor influencing IQ development in children was IQ of mother, IQ of father, index of early education of family, education level of parents, ways of parenting, expectation, asphyxia at birth and low birth weight at birth, followed by personality, temperament type, behavior problems and Intake of nutrients and so on. Conclusions: Parents IQ and improving parental education and early childhood education all contribute to improving IQ in children.