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目的评价植物杀螺剂4%螺威粉剂(TDS)在长江中下游地区江滩环境的现场灭螺效果,为大规模现场应用提供科学依据。方法在安徽省东至县选择一条垸内沟渠和一片江滩,分别采用2.5 g/m3和5 g/m2TDS进行浸杀法和喷洒法灭螺试验,以2 g/m3和2 g/m250%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐(WPN)为对照进行对比观察,统计分析不同环境、不同药物的现场杀螺效果,并对两种药物的成本效果进行分析。结果浸杀1、2、3 d和7 d后,TDS组与WPN组钉螺死亡率均呈逐渐升高趋势,灭螺后7 d TDS和WPN钉螺死亡率分别为94.62%和99.24%,两组间差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.30,P>0.05)。喷洒灭螺1、3、7 d和15 d后,TDS组钉螺死亡率分别为70.82%、79.75%、85.11%和91.65%,WPN组钉螺死亡率分别为77.71%、84.27%、91.90%和95.58%,两组各时点比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。每100 m2面积喷洒灭螺,TDS和WPN所需费用分别为316.71元和309.71元,TDS灭螺单位成本略高于WPN。结论TDS在长江中下游江滩现场杀螺的效果已达到国家农业部天然源杀螺剂现场评价要求,需在未来大规模现场试验中对其成本效果开展进一步评价。
Objective To evaluate the field snail killing effect of 4% levofloxacin (TDS) on the beach environment in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, providing a scientific basis for large-scale on-site application. Methods A ditch trench and a riverbank were selected in Dongzhi County of Anhui Province. The soaking method and spray molting method with 2.5 g / m 3 and 5 g / m 2 TDS respectively were used to test the effects of 2 g / m 3 and 2 g / m 2 of 50% Niclosamide ethanolamine salt (WPN) as a control for comparative observation, statistics analysis of different environments, different drugs on-site snail effect, and the cost of the two drugs were analyzed. Results After 1, 2, 3 d and 7 d of soaking, the mortality rates of snails in TDS group and WPN group all increased gradually, and the death rates of TDS and WPN snails were 94.62% and 99.24% on the 7th day after snail killing, respectively There was no significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 3.30, P> 0.05). The mortality rates of Oncomelania snails in the TDS group were 70.82%, 79.75%, 85.11% and 91.65%, respectively, and the mortality rates in the WPN group were 77.71%, 84.27%, 91.90% and 95.58 %, The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P all <0.05). Sprinkling snail for every 100 m2 of area, cost of TDS and WPN are respectively 316.71 yuan and 309.71 yuan, the unit cost of TDS snails is slightly higher than that of WPN. Conclusion The effectiveness of TDS in killing snail on the beach in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has met the site evaluation requirements of natural source snail agents by the Ministry of Agriculture of the PRC. It is necessary to further evaluate its cost effectiveness in future large-scale field trials.