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目的：研究三种附着体用于游离端义齿垂直载荷下基牙牙周及牙槽嵴粘膜应力分布．方法：应用三维有限元应力分析方法．结果：用刚性栓道式附着体义齿基牙牙周应力值最大（最大值３．４８ＭＰａ），义齿下粘膜应力最小（最大值０．２６ＭＰａ）；缓冲式附着体义齿基牙牙周应力小于其它修复（最大值２．５４ＭＰａ），但牙槽嵴顶粘膜应力大于刚性附着体义齿及卡环义齿（最大值０．３８ＭＰａ）；应用绞链式附着体时应力略小于刚性附着体．结论：刚性附着体的义齿牙合力主要由基牙负担，绞链式附着体义齿有很少的缓冲作用，缓冲式附着体的应用减少了基牙的承力，由牙槽嵴分担部分牙合力．
Objective: To study the mucosal stress distribution of the periodontal ligament and alveolar ridge of the abutments under three kinds of attachments under vertical loading. Methods: Three-dimensional finite element stress analysis method was used. Results: The maximum value of maxillary periodontal stress (maximum value of 3.48MPa) and the lowest mucosal stress of denture (maximum value 0.26MPa) were obtained with the rigid bolt-type attachment denture. The periodontal stress of buccal attachment denture abutments was less than that of others (Maximum 2.54MPa). However, the mucosal stress at the crest of the alveolar ridge was larger than that of the rigid attachments and the maxillary denture (maximum 0.38MPa). The stress was slightly smaller than that of the rigid attachments when using the hinge attachment. Conclusions: The denture force of the rigid attachment is mainly caused by the abutment burden. The hinge attachment denture has little buffering effect. The application of the cushion attachment reduces the bearing force of the abutment. The alveolar ridge shares part of the occlusal force .