髓母细胞瘤的手术方式和放化疗策略的不断优化使多数患儿的治疗和预后得到明显提高,但近年研究证明预后不仅仅和手术以及放化疗的策略有关,而且和肿瘤多样化的内在生物学特性有密切联系,一些生物学标志物对肿瘤的诊断、治疗方式选择和预后评价有重要意义。髓母细胞瘤的复发和转移以及婴幼儿的治疗仍是难点,改善低危患儿长期预后和进一步提高高危患儿生存率将是未来研究的课题。 The medulloblastoma surgery and radiotherapy and chemotherapy strategies continue to optimize the majority of children with treatment and prognosis was significantly improved, but recent studies have shown that prognosis is not only related to surgery and chemoradiation strategies, but also with the tumor of endogenous biological diversity Learning characteristics are closely linked, some biological markers of tumor diagnosis, treatment options and prognostic evaluation of great significance. The recurrence and metastasis of medulloblastoma and the treatment of infants and young children are still difficult. Improving the long-term prognosis of children with low-risk and further improving the survival rate of children with high-risk will be the subject of future research.