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成人的蝶窦周围有海绵窦、颈动脉、视神经、眼外肌各神经、三叉神经和垂体。蝶窦在蝶骨体内,生后仅有一小腔,其发育主要在青春期后,先向鞍前、继向鞍后下直至发育完全。窦腔最大可接近甚至包绕部分视神经管;特别大时可扩展到翼突或蝶骨大翼的根部,枕骨的基底部。随年龄的增长,骨壁吸收,窦腔可再增大;有时窦腔骨壁和粘膜之间出现间隙。经蝶窦做鞍部肿瘤手术在本世纪初即已开始,但由于术后合并症多,术野深而狭窄,暴露不充分,遂弃而不用。至1958年Guiot又重新提出这一术式,在X线透视下观察侧面的深度和手术器械的位置;用强光照明及手术显微镜,因此
Around the adult sphenoid sinus cavernous sinus, carotid, optic nerve, extraocular muscle nerve, trigeminal nerve and pituitary. Sphenoid sinus in the sphenoid body, after birth, only a small cavity, its development mainly in puberty, the first to the saddle, following the saddle until fully developed. Sinus can be close to or even surround part of the optic canal; especially large can be extended to the root of the wing or sphenoid wing, the base of the occipital bone. With age, bone absorption, the sinus cavity can be increased; sometimes there is a gap between the sinus wall and mucosa. Transsphenoidal surgery to do saddle tumors in the beginning of this century has begun, but due to more postoperative complications, deep and narrow operative field, exposure is inadequate, then abandoned instead. By 1958, Guiot re-introduced the technique to observe the depth of the side and the position of the surgical instrument under X-ray; with bright light and a surgical microscope,