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在水资源短缺、水环境质量恶化的形势下,为实现流域的真实节水,需要以卫星遥感监测的ET(蒸发蒸腾量)为依据,进行流域水资源的有效管理。这是一个新的理念和方法。文中综述了当前国际上几种较先进的遥感监测ET的方法。其中“陆面能量平衡算法(SEBAL)”,由于物理基础较好,近十多年来在许多国家有成功的业务化的应用,已被“GEF海河流域水资源和水环境综合管理”项目采用,以计算从日到季和年,从每个县每种土地利用到全流域的ET分布。以2002年的预分析为例介绍了有关结果。讨论了SEBAL的不足之处及改善意见。
Under the situation of water shortage and deterioration of water environment quality, in order to realize the real water-saving of the watershed, ET (evapotranspiration) monitored by satellite remote sensing needs to be used to effectively manage water resources in the basin. This is a new concept and method. In this paper, several current international methods of remote sensing monitoring ET are reviewed. The “Land Surface Energy Balance Algorithm (SEBAL)”, which has been successfully applied in many countries for more than a decade due to its good physical basis, has been adopted by the “GEF Hai Basin Water and Environment Integrated Management Project” To calculate the ET distribution from day to season and year from each land use in each county to the whole basin. Take the 2002 pre-analysis as an example to introduce the result. Discussed SEBAL shortcomings and improve their views.