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目的了解杭州市公共交通司机工作期间苯系物(BTEX)的暴露量,评价此职业危险指数HI和致癌风险R的水平。方法于2008年5月14日—6月25日采集了杭州市不同类型公交车行驶期间车厢空气样本,用二硫化碳洗脱气相色谱法定量测定不同类型公交车车厢中BTEX的含量,并进行不同类型公交车环境中BTEX浓度的危险指数HI和致癌风险R的计算。结果公交司机工作环境空气中BTEX总浓度为42.19～192.57μg/m3,其中苯为9.39～43.12μg/m3,其职业BTEX的危险指数小于1,在安全范围之内,而苯的致癌风险为4.85×10-6～7.31×10-6,大大超过了美国EPA制定的致癌风险限值(1×10-6)。结论公交车司机的职业暴露存在较大的致癌风险。
Objective To understand the exposure of BTEX during the work of public transport drivers in Hangzhou and to evaluate the level of HI and the risk of cancer R. Methods From May 14, 2008 to June 25, 2008, air samples from different bus types in Hangzhou city were collected. The content of BTEX in different types of bus compartments was quantitatively determined by carbon disulfide elution gas chromatography. Calculation of risk index HI and carcinogenic risk R of BTEX concentration in bus environment. Results The total concentration of BTEX in the working environment of bus drivers was 42.19-192.57μg / m3, of which benzene was 9.39-43.12μg / m3. The risk index of BTEX in occupational buses was less than 1 and within the safe range, the carcinogenic risk of benzene was 4.85 × 10-6 ~ 7.31 × 10-6, which greatly exceeded the carcinogenic risk limit (1 × 10-6) set by the U.S. EPA. Conclusion Occupational exposure to bus drivers presents a greater carcinogenic risk.