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目的研究微小肝癌超声诊断特征及与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的关系。方法实验组由12只肝脏内含直径≤10 mm单一肿瘤结节的新西兰大白兔组成。应用超声仪在不同时间对实验兔接种区进行监测,取出荷瘤肝脏进行病理学检查及VEGF的免疫组化检测。进行统计学卡方检验分析。结果超声检查:2只兔病灶中央发现血流信号,12只兔病灶的非中心区发现丰富血流信号。免疫组化检查:12只肿瘤病灶的周边组织VEGF皆为高表达,中央组织有8例为高表达,4例为低表达,瘤周正常肝组织皆为低表达。统计分析:肿瘤周边组织高表达率为100%(12/12),肿瘤中央组织高表达率83.33%(10/12),经采用卡方检验(确切概率法),P=0.4783,α=0.05,P>α,证明肿瘤周边组织与肿瘤中央组织的VEGF表达无统计学差异。结论超声可发现微小肝癌的异常表现,表现形式取决于肿瘤内部的组织成分、细胞排列方式。增强特点和血流动力学改变取决于肿瘤中心及周边的血管数目。微小肝癌的血流动力学变化与肿瘤组织VEGF的表达有一定相关性。
Objective To study the characteristics of ultrasonography and the relationship with the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in small hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods The experimental group consisted of 12 New Zealand white rabbits with a single tumor nodule ≤10 mm in diameter. Ultrasound was used to monitor the inoculation zone of rabbits at different times, and the liver of the tumor was removed for pathological examination and immunohistochemical detection of VEGF. Statistical chi-square test analysis. Results Ultrasonography showed that blood flow signals were found in the center of two rabbits and abundant blood flow signals were found in the non-central area of 12 rabbits. Immunohistochemical examination showed that VEGF was highly expressed in peripheral tissues of 12 tumor lesions, 8 of the central tissues were highly expressed, 4 of them were low expression, and all of the normal peritumoral tissues were low expression. Statistical analysis: The high expression rate of tumor surrounding tissues was 100% (12/12), the high expression rate of tumor central tissues was 83.33% (10/12), using chi-square test (exact probability method), P = 0.4783, α = 0.05 , P> α, demonstrating that there was no significant difference in the expression of VEGF between the tumor surrounding tissues and the tumor central tissues. Conclusion Ultrasound can be found in abnormal performance of small hepatocellular carcinoma, manifestations depends on the internal tumor tissue composition, cell arrangement. Enhanced features and hemodynamic changes depend on the number of blood vessels in and around the tumor. Hemodynamic changes of small hepatocellular carcinoma and tumor tissue VEGF expression has a certain correlation.