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以陕A群、陕B群在多环境、少施肥和少灌溉条件下选育的33份玉米自交系和4份骨干玉米自交系为材料,通过大田控水试验,调查玉米自交系的穗位叶SPAD值、干物质积累量和茎秆强度等生理指标,采用逐步回归分析方法建立最优回归方程,筛选抗旱性的评价指标。结果表明,穗位叶SPAD、茎秆强度和花后干物质积累量可作为玉米自交系抗旱性的第2性状筛选指标。以子粒产量作为第1性状指标,可将37份玉米自交系划分4种类型,高产抗旱型12份,低产不抗旱型13份,低产抗旱型7份和5份高产不抗旱型。以抗旱指数和抗旱隶属度为指标,将37份玉米自交系可分成3种类型,其中,抗旱性较强的玉米自交系2份,抗旱性中等的玉米自交系15份,抗旱性较差的材料20份。综合分析,2013KB-47、2013KB-37、KA225、KB081、L123098-2和KA105共6份玉米自交系具有穗位叶SPAD高、茎秆强度大、花后干物质积累量高和子粒产量高、抗旱指数高和抗旱能力强的特点。
In this study, 33 maize inbred lines and 4 maize inbred lines bred by Shaanxi A group and Shaanxi B group under multi-environment, less fertilization and less irrigation were used as materials to conduct field control experiments to investigate the effects of maize inbred lines The leaf SPAD value, dry matter accumulation and stalk strength were determined by stepwise regression analysis. The optimal regression equation was established to evaluate the drought resistance index. The results showed that the SPAD, the stalk strength and the post-anthesis dry matter accumulation in ear position could be used as the second trait screening index for maize inbred lines. Based on the grain yield as the index of the first trait, 37 maize inbred lines can be divided into 4 types, 12 high-yielding drought-resistant cultivars, 13 low yielding non-drought-resistant cultivars, 7 low yielding drought-tolerant cultivars and 5 high yielding non-drought resistant cultivars. According to drought resistance index and drought resistance membership degree, 37 maize inbred lines can be divided into three types, of which, 2 maize inbred lines with strong drought resistance, 15 maize inbred lines with moderate drought resistance, 20 poor materials. In conclusion, 6 inbred lines of maize inbred lines 2013KB-47,2013KB-37, KA225, KB081, L123098-2 and KA105 had high spad leaf position, strong stalk strength, high post-anthesis dry matter accumulation and high grain yield , High drought index and drought-resistant ability.