抗菌药是类能抑制或杀灭病原微生物并主要用于微生物感染的全身性治疗(或称化学治疗)的药物。病原微生物主要是指细菌而言,但也可包括立克次体,霉菌(真菌),衣原体和支原体等在内。微生物的全身感染是危害人民健康最大的一类多发病和常见病。对子这类疾病预防比治疗更为有效,也更为重要。解放以来,在毛主席革命卫生路线指引下,遵照“预防为主”的方针,大搞爱国卫生运动,这类疾病已大大减少,取得了很大的成绩。从治疗方面来看,抗菌药是临床最常用的一类药物,也是减少并发症和降低死亡率最有 Antibacterials are drugs that inhibit or kill pathogenic microorganisms and are used primarily for the systemic treatment of microbial infections (or chemotherapy). Pathogenic microorganisms mainly refer to bacteria, but rickettsia, mold (fungi), chlamydia and mycoplasma may also be included. The systemic infection of microorganisms is a kind of frequently-occurring and common disease that endangers people’s health. Prevention of such diseases is more effective and more important than treatment. Since the liberation, guided by Chairman Mao’s revolutionary health line, following the principle of “prevention first” and vigorously promoting the Patriotic Health Campaign has greatly reduced such diseases and achieved great successes. From a therapeutic point of view, antimicrobial agents are the most commonly used class of drugs in the clinic, as well as reducing complications and reducing mortality