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采用平板对峙法从黄瓜根际土壤中分离出的400余株细菌菌株中筛选出16株对立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani具有拮抗效果的菌株,抑菌带直径在0.81～1.93 cm之间。并从中选出3株抑菌带直径在1.6cm以上的菌株N33、N35和N43,结合形态、生理生化特性及16S rDNA序列比对分析,鉴定N33菌株为假单胞菌属Pseudomonas sp.,N35和N43菌株为芽胞杆菌属Bacillus sp.。通过在黄瓜育苗基质中添加选育的高效拮抗菌株,观测其对黄瓜苗生长的促进作用以及对立枯病的防治作用,3株菌株均具有促进黄瓜苗期生长和防治苗期立枯病的作用,其中N43菌株促生及防病效果均最显著,地上部鲜重比对照处理增加62.16%,防治效果达62%。
Sixteen isolates of Rhizoctonia solani antagonistic strains were screened from more than 400 bacterial strains isolated from cucumber rhizosphere soil by plate confrontation method. The diameter of bacteriostasis belts ranged from 0.81 cm to 1.93 cm. Three strains N33, N35 and N43 with diameters of more than 1.6cm were selected from the isolates. The morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis indicated that the N33 strain was Pseudomonas sp., N35 And the N43 strain is Bacillus sp. The three strains could promote the growth of cucumber at seedling stage and control the blight of seedling at the seedling stage by adding the highly effective antagonistic strains to the cucumber seedling substrate, observing its promoting effect on cucumber seedling growth and preventing and controlling the blight. Among them, N43 strain had the most significant effects on promoting growth and disease prevention. The fresh weight of shoots increased by 62.16% compared with the control and the control effect reached 62%.