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“理解”这个概念在德国观念论与新康德主义者心中占据着非常重要的地位,它影响了一代又一代的德国学者。雷蒙·阿隆在博士论文的研究阶段主攻历史哲学,他凭借深厚的德国哲学和社会学背景,以及留学德国而受到的德国思想的浸润,以“理解”为核心,提出了一种从个体之理解通达历史整体的诠释学。在其中,通过理解,他构建了个人从自我到他者、从个体到整体再到历史的贯通关系。可以说,正是凭借理解与诠释学,历史客体与历史学家才得以交融。如果说哲学本质上是对自我的认识的话,那么历史就是对人类自身的认识。而所有这些认识的基础,都是理解。
The concept of “understanding” is very important in the minds of German conceptualism and neo-Kantianism, affecting generations of German scholars. In the research stage of Ph.D. thesis, Ramon Aaron mainly focuses on the philosophy of history. With his profound background of German philosophy and sociology and the infiltration of German thoughts in studying in Germany, Raymond Aron put forward a Hermeneutics that Understand the Whole History from the Individual Understanding. Among them, through understanding, he constructed a personal relationship from the ego to the other, from the individual to the whole and then to the history. It can be said that it is by virtue of understanding and hermeneutics that historical objects and historians are able to blend. If philosophy is essentially a self-awareness, then history is the realization of human beings. The basis of all these understandings is understanding.