义和团倡始鲁西,弥漫全省,盛于直隶,除同甲午战后民族瓜分危机的严峻形势密切相关,尚有其特定的社会环境。本文拟就此问题作些探求,以期有助于对义和团运动倡始地区社会环境的认识。 19世纪下半期,自烟台开埠以来,山东东部沿海地区因受外来侵略势力的刺激,封建的经济基础及其上层建筑开始摇动;而“西南各属皆耕读为世”,深闭固距,不习外务,致使山东“十府二州,风气殊异。登、莱、青三府民性近朴,沂、曹二府及济宁一州属邑,连界江、豫,人情 The Boxers initiated Luxi, which filled the province and flourished in Zhili. Apart from being closely linked to the grim situation of the ethnic groups in the crisis after the Sino-Japanese War, the Boxers still had its own specific social environment. This article intends to make some quests on this issue in the hope of helping to promote the understanding of the social environment of the Yihetuan Movement. In the second half of the 19th century, since the opening of ports in Yantai, the coastal areas in the east of Shandong Province were shaken by external aggression forces. The economic foundation of the feudal community and its superstructure started to shake. However, Foreign Affairs, resulting in Shandong, “Ten prefectures and two states, different customs.” Deng, Lai, Qing civil government nearly Park, Yi, Cao two prefectures and Jining a state is the town, with the boundary river, Henan, human feelings