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目的掌握动车组机车乘务员心理和生理规律,研究驾驶适应性检测内容和方法。方法采用职业健康检查、问卷调查、驾驶适应性检测等方法,进行综合研究。结果动车组机车乘务员在对驾驶环境满意程度等5个方面高于内燃机车乘务员(P<0.05);在驾驶时保持愉快心情等3个方面高于内燃机车乘务员(P<0.05)。动车组机车乘务员血压值和窦性心动过速异常率低于内燃机车乘务员(P<0.05)。动车组机车乘务员裸视视力、动视力平均值高于内燃机车乘务员(P<0.05),而深视力、复杂反应误操作次数和速度估计等低于内燃机车乘务员(P<0.05)。随着乘务龄增长,2组机车乘务员血压值、立体视力、复杂反应误操作次数等增加(P<0.05),内燃机车乘务员的左眼视力、夜视力增加(P<0.05)。结论开展心理和生理、感知及行为判断等指标检测能筛选出合格的动车组机车乘务员,保障运输安全。
Objective To understand the psychological and physiological rules of locomotive flight attendants and to study the contents and methods of driving adaptive tests. Methods Occupational health examination, questionnaire survey, driving adaptive test and other methods were used to conduct a comprehensive study. As a result, EMU locomotive crew was higher than diesel locomotive flight attendants (P <0.05) in five aspects of satisfaction with driving environment and pleasure locomotive (P <0.05) in three aspects. EMU locomotive crew blood pressure and sinus tachycardia abnormalities were lower than diesel locomotive flight attendants (P <0.05). The average visual acuity and motor visual acuity of EMU locomotive crew was higher than that of diesel locomotive crew (P <0.05), while the deep visual acuity, number of complex reaction misoperation and speed estimation were lower than those of diesel locomotive crew (P <0.05). With the increase of service age, the blood pressure, stereopsis, frequency of misoperation of complex reactions increased (P <0.05), and the left eye vision and night vision of diesel locomotive crew increased (P <0.05). Conclusion Carrying out psychological and physical tests, perception and behavioral judgments and other indicators can screen qualified EMU locomotive crew to protect the transport safety.