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高产优质育种是我国棉花育种的主要目标。寻找与目标性状关联的分子标记,可克服常规育种的盲目性,提高分子标记辅助选择育种的准确性。本研究对118份陆地棉种质资源的衣分、单铃重、单株铃数及子指等4个产量相关性状进行2年2点的表型鉴定,并利用覆盖全基因组的、有多态性的214对SSR标记进行标记与性状的关联分析。结果表明:118份材料的4个产量相关性状表型变异丰富,平均变异系数的变幅在6.1%~19.1%之间,且在各环境中表现较为稳定;基因型分析表明,214对标记共检测到460个等位变异,基因多样性指数平均为0.5151,PIC值平均为0.4587,表明该批标记具有较多的等位变异数和较高的基因多样性;群体结构分析表明该批材料可分为4个亚群,且各类群中材料与地理来源无对应关系;关联分析结果显示,在显著条件下(-log10P>1.3,P<0.05),共有39个标记位点能够在2个及2个以上的环境中同时检测到,其中有4个标记位点同时与2个以上性状相关联,进一步比较发现,有7个位点与前人研究结果一致,其余32个位点为新发现的位点。研究结果可为陆地棉产量性状遗传改良的分子标记辅助选择提供理论依据。
High-yielding and high-quality breeding is the main goal of cotton breeding in China. Looking for the molecular markers associated with the target trait can overcome the blindness of conventional breeding and improve the accuracy of molecular marker-assisted selection breeding. In this study, the phenotypic characterization of two yield-related traits in 118 germplasm resources of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), including lint percentage, boll weight, boll number per plant and sub-index, 214 pairs of SSR markers were used to analyze the association between markers and traits. The results showed that the phenotypic variation of the four yield-related traits in 118 cultivars was rich, and the average coefficient of variation ranged from 6.1% to 19.1% and showed stable performance in all environments. Genotype analysis showed that 214 pairs of markers A total of 460 alleles were detected, with an average of 0.5151 for genetic diversity and an average of 0.4587 for PIC, indicating that the markers had more allelic variation and higher genetic diversity. The population structure analysis showed that the batch of materials could be There was no correlation between the materials and geographical origin in all the groups. Correlation analysis showed that under the significant conditions (-log10P> 1.3, P <0.05), a total of 39 marker loci could be found in 2 And more than two environments simultaneously detected, of which four markers at the same time with more than two characters associated, further comparison found that there are seven sites consistent with previous studies, the remaining 32 sites for the new Spotted. The results provide a theoretical basis for molecular marker-assisted selection for genetic improvement of yield traits in Upland cotton.