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一、农田野燕麦的发生和危害野燕麦是世界性的农田恶性杂草。在60至80年代曾在欧洲、北美等地严重发生。在我国于60年代初期开始,在青海、甘肃、宁夏和黑龙江严重发生,每亩有野燕麦几十至上百万株,使小麦减产达20～30％,重者50％以上,甚至毁种弃耕。约经20余年,野燕麦迅速传播蔓延,东侵南犯。至80年代中期,全国野燕麦发生危害面积达7500万亩,其中严重危害面积约2400万亩,每年减产粮食约17.5亿千克。其中河南省野燕麦发生面积达1600万亩,陕西省野燕麦受害面积达500万亩,新疆野燕麦危害面积约420万亩,每年损失粮食约1.5亿千克。内蒙古野燕麦危害面积350万商,每年损失粮食1.5亿千克以上。在江苏省,野燕麦危害迅速加重,仅扬州地区发生面积已达104万亩。在云南、湖北等省野燕麦危害也很严重。
First, the occurrence of wild oats and farmland Wild oats is a worldwide vicious farmland weeds. Occurred in the 60-80 years in Europe, North America and other places serious. In our country began in the early 1960s, serious cases occurred in Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and Heilongjiang. There were dozens to millions of wild oats per mu, which led to a wheat yield reduction of 20-30%, more than 50% of the total weight, and even deforestation . After more than 20 years, wild oats spread rapidly and southward. By the mid-1980s, the total area of wild oats in the country hit 75 million mu, of which about 24 million mu were severely endangered. The annual grain output was reduced to about 1.75 billion kilograms. Among them, the area of wild oats in Henan Province reached 16 million mu, that of wild oats in Shaanxi Province reached 5 million mu, and that of wild oats in Xinjiang was about 4.2 million mu, with an annual loss of about 150 million kilograms of grain. Inner Mongolia wild oats harm 3.5 million area, annual loss of food more than 150 million kilograms. In Jiangsu Province, the damage of wild oats rapidly increased, only the area of Yangzhou has reached 104 million mu. In Yunnan, Hubei and other provinces wild oats also have serious harm.